Как открыть safe exam browser
1000 и 1 способ обойти Safe Exam Browser
Ну ладно, не 1000 и 1 способ, но их довольно много! О чем это мы? О том, что пандемия COVID-19 внесла много изменений в нашу жизнь, в том числе, и в образование — как школьное, так и ВУЗовское. Уроки, лекции и семинары перешли в онлайн-формат, а вопрос, как быть с контролем успеваемости, остался. Как преподавателям убедиться, что сдающий экзамен студент не открыл в соседней вкладке шпаргалки?
Шёл 2020-й год… Весь мир в панике, курс рубля падает, государства переходят в режим ЧС… Несмотря на все это, основное желание среднестатистического студента остается прежним — сдать сессию с наименьшими затратами сил и времени на подготовку. Казалось бы, с переходом на дистанционное обучение для студента все стало проще — нужно всего лишь сделать умное лицо при ответе на вопрос по веб-камере, а прочитать материал можно и с параллельно открытого документа на компьютере. Но не тут-то было!
Многие российские ВУЗы для проверки успеваемости студентов внедрили программу Safe Exam Browser, которая предотвращает практически все попытки читерства. Конечно, для находчивых студентов и это не препятствие — ведь можно гуглить ответы на тест и на втором компьютере (или попросить погуглить друга).
Но, поскольку мы в душе тру хацкеры, мы решили проверить, насколько этот SEB действительно помогает при проведении экзаменов и как все же программно обойти его чуткий контроль (при условии, что студент обладает базовыми навыками работы на компьютере, не впадает в ужас от слов «виртуальная машина» и знает, как установить плагин для браузера Mozilla Firefox). Готовы? Поехали!
Что такое Safe Exam Browser (SEB)?
Конфигуратор SEB представляет собой приложение с интуитивно понятным интерфейсом:
В нем можно задать URL-адрес экзаменационного ресурса, список разрешенных/запрещенных приложений и сайтов, разрешения на загрузку файлов из Интернет, работу в виртуальной машине и т.д.
Большой простор для творчества и фантазии, не так ли?) Что же, приступим.
Для тестирования нам потребуется: программа SEB, виртуальная машина (VmWare, VirtualBox), браузер Mozilla Firefox, что-нибудь для компиляции большого проекта на C# (автор использовал Visual Studio Code), какой-нибудь образовательный ресурс (например, тест на Moodle, настроенный только для работы с SEB).
1. Смена user-agent браузера
Для реализации этого способа не потребуется практически никаких знаний и инструментов. Проверим, как реагирует тест на Moodle на запуск через обыкновенный веб-браузер:
Как видно из скриншота, SEB не позволяет получить доступ к тесту из обычного браузера.
Согласно документации, в качестве веб-браузера SEB использует XULRunner — движок Gecko браузера Mozilla. Попробуем подменить user-agent браузера Mozilla на user-agent, указанный в конфигураторе SEB:
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:76.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/76.0 SEB
Ловкость рук и немного мошенничества — и теперь можно спокойно приступать к тесту, параллельно открыв гугл в соседней вкладке! 🙂
2. Изменение конфигурационного файла виртуальной машины
Предыдущий способ, конечно, очень прост и понятен, однако вполне может возникнуть ситуация, что экзаменатором собираются еще и логи экзамена — а SEB как раз логгирует все свои события: выключение неразрешенных процессов, очистку буфера обмена и многое другое. Поэтому надо найти способ читерить с включенным SEBом!
Сначала мы решили посмотреть, можно ли включить SEB на виртуальной машине. Здесь, к сожалению, нас постигла неудача — в таких условиях SEB даже не позволяет себя запустить. Но как-то же он понимает, что используется виртуальная машина!
Было опасение, что SEB использует не очень приятные для студента способы вроде обнаружения процессов и сервисов виртуальной машины (ВМ) в системе, но при изучении исходного кода было выяснено, что проверка на запуск из ВМ происходит в функции IsInsideVM() файла SEBWindowsClientMain.cs:
Видим, что SEB способен определить виртуальные машины производителей, которые перечислены в коде! А что, если мы изменим конфиг виртуальной машины, подменив, тем самым, производителя?
Сказано — сделано! Открываем конфигурационный файл VmWare и добавляем следующую строку:
Теперь manufacturer model виртуальной машины станет таким же, как и у основной машины. Запускаем виртуальную машину, на ней включаем SEB и пытаемся получить доступ к тесту — все работает!
3. Компиляция новых версий SEB
3.1 Запуск в виртуальной машине
Итак, нужно всего лишь в приведенном выше коде закомментировать строчку с нужной ВМ:
В данном случае мы скомпилировали программу таким образом, чтобы она вообще не реагировала на запуск в виртуальной машине VirtualBox. Но есть одно важное замечание: если наши читатели решат воспользоваться данным способом, то необходимо убрать/изменить логгирование событий! Виртуальная машина запустится без проблем, но в логах обязательно отразится запуск через VirtualBox.
3.2 Очистка буфера обмена
Когда SEB включается, он автоматически очищает буфер обмена. Таким образом, все, что скопировал студент до запуска SEB, в SEB не попадет. Что же, вызов принят!
При этом лучше оставить последующее логгирование — чтобы проверяющий не понял, что с собой в SEB вы захватили То-Что-Нельзя-Использовать-На-Экзамене 🙂
Воспользовавшись любым из этих способов, можно получить желанный результат:
Таким образом, с собой в SEB можно «пронести» любой текст, картинку — словом, шпаргалку, которую можно поместить в буфер обмена.
3.3 Помощь друга или убираем запрет на Discord
SEB похож на очень капризную женщину — при включенном Skype, Discord и т.д. он не включится, а поставит тебя перед выбором: или я, или они.
Что ж, постараемся снизить градус напряжения в такой ситуации.
Здесь есть простор для полёта фантазии, но, в целом, достаточно закомментировать подходящие по смыслу строки вроде «processToClose.Kill();» в файле SEBNotAllowedProcessController.cs.
Также советуем рассмотреть строки «SetForegroundWindow(windowHandle);», «BringWindowToTop(windowHandle);» и работу службы WatchDog. Грамотное выстраивание логики приложения и логгирования — ключ к успеху!
И мы тем временем получили запущенный Discord при работающем SEB:
Что еще могут попробовать энтузиасты?
Вариантов осталось достаточно, хватит на 1000 и 1 бессонную ночь за компьютером. Например, можно перекомпилировать SEB так, чтобы он не запускался поверх всех окон, и его можно было бы свернуть как обычное приложение.
Также можно попробовать запустить SEB на других ОС (невероятно, но факт: очевидцы утверждают, что стандартный ВУЗовский конфиг для SEB на OS X даже голосовую связь по Discord остановить не может!).
Итак, способов собрать SEB с урезанным функционалом — великое множество, тут все упирается только в воображение креативных и трудолюбивых студентов!
Закончим статью народной мудростью: остановить студента в поиске халявы может только еще большая халява!
Портал дистанционного обучения Казахстанско-Американского свободного университета
Вниманию обучающихся!
2-ая рубежная неделя с 6 по 11 декабря
Зимняя экзаменационная сессия с 13 по 30 декабря
Студентам факультета ДОТнеобходимо получить в деканате факультета (314 каб.) допуск к сессии.
Основанием допуска являются выполненные задания по 1 и 2 РК и 50% оплаты за обучение.
Получить справку с места учебы можно в Центре обслуживания студентов, который расположен по адресу:
г.Усть-Каменогорск, ул.М.Горького 76, офис 123 (1 этаж, правое крыло),
тел. 8-7232-50-28-89 или отправить заявку на электронную почту kafu_cos17@mail.ru
(прикрепите к письму документ, удостоверяющий личность)
Массовые открытые онлайн-курсы КАСУ
В этом разделе нашей платформы мы публикуем сведения о МООК университета. Для ознакомления с интересующими Вас курсами Вам необходимо зайти на площадку (по ссылке) и выбрать нужное направление.
Вопросы и ответы
По всем вопросам обращаться в виртуальный деканат.
Windows User Manual
Safe Exam Browser 3.x for Windows
With version 3.x, the Safe Exam Browser underwent a comprehensive refactoring. SEB was recoded from scratch according to current standards. The basic functionality was retained. Some of the changes are
Please refer to the release notes for a comprehensive list of all features. The full range of functions of SEB 2.x is planned to be available gradually in upcoming versions.
The following manual explains how to configure and use SEB for Windows from the perspective of exam administrators. SEB is a very flexible and modular tool, therefore documentation for examinees on how to use SEB with individual exam setups and the various exam systems it works with should be provided by the institution using SEB or their e-assessment provider.
Features of SEB
SEB disables the options of the Windows Security Screen (invoked by pressing Ctrl+Alt+Del), namely Lock (this Computer), Switch User, Sign out (Log off), Change a password, (Start) Task Manager, Shut down, Restart and Ease of Access. It disables the Windows Task Bar and the Start Menu (button in the lower left corner of the screen), the App/Task/Window Switcher (invoked by Alt-Tab and Windows-Tab), as well as printing. It can also be set whether users can quit SEB and if it is required to enter a quit password to do so.
Its possible to configure SEB to quit after the exam is submitted without having to enter a quit password by specifying a quit link and placing this on the summary page displayed by the LMS after submitting the exam.
In the browser window there is no right mouse (or Shift-F10) click popup window available.
SEB detects when it was started in a virtual instead of a native environment and refuses to run, if not explicitly allowed to. This virtual machine detection helps avoiding manipulation of the exam environment when SEB is used in unmanaged environments.
SEB for Windows is now based on the Chromium Embedded Framework CEF (in contrast to the WebKit browser engine used by SEB for macOS, which is also used by Safari and some open source browsers).
SEB for Windows can be used together with additional (third party) applications during an exam. You can download and open files linked in your online exam, edit it in a third party application and then upload the results to your online quiz/LMS again.
SEB allows to manage exam startup and SEB configuration in many ways, so a wide area of scenarios is supported, depending on your specific needs.
Please understand that you also have to configure your exam system correctly to be locked down securely. SEB is generally locking down exam client computers only, not the exam system or the quiz module of a learning management system. Check documentation for your exam/learning management system on how to lock it down correctly.
Using SEB with Supported LMS
Some learning management systems require plugins to be installed to fully support secure exams taken with SEB, others have built-in support.
Using SEB with Moodle
SEB support in Moodle has the following objectives:
Since Moodle 3.9, there is support for Safe Exam Browser configuration directly available in Moodle’s quiz settings. The new «deeper integration» is also available as plugin for Moodle 3.7 and 3.8. If possible, use this new SEB support in Moodle. Refer to the official Moodle documentation for details. Please note that our SEB support cannot answer specific Moodle questions, use the documentation on moodle.org and the Moodle community forums.
See below the two older options how to activate SEB support in Moodle, which are no longer available (or don’t make sense) in current Moodle versions:
Sometimes hiding of the course navigation, link to the user’s Moodle profile, logout etc. doesn’t work as expected because some custom Moodle themes don’t support the secure browser mode of Moodle correctly, they display links with which students can get out of the quiz during an exam. If this happens only with your customized theme and not the standard Moodle theme, then your theme is not implemented correctly. In that case you should fix the problem in your custom Moodle theme. You may also create URL filter rules in the SEB configuration to only allow access to the exam and no other parts of Moodle, but this is not trivial and we cannot provide you with any support on that.
You may find additional information and help in the discussion boards for SEB and Moodle.
Using SEB with ILIAS
You can find information about how to install the ILIAS plugin for SEB support here.
Please note that currently support for Safe Exam Browser in ILAS can only be switched on for some roles of a whole installation, not a single exam/course.
Using SEB with OpenOLAT
An assessment mode has been added to the OpenOLAT standard with the 10.2 release. The assessment mode allows course authors to limit the functionality and access of OpenOLAT courses for exam settings. An exam setting is not limited to online tests however, IMS QTI assessments, SCORM modules, external LTI 1.1 tools and all other OpenOLAT course elements can be configured for such an exam setting.
One of the many security features is the enforced usage of Safe Exam Browser. An exam setting can be configured with multiple Browser Exam Key keys.
Download/Installation
You can download the setup program of SEB for Windows (also containing the SEB Windows configuration tool) on our download page. Just start SEB_xxx_SetupBundle.exe and follow the steps of the installation program. If you require an MSI package for installing SEB using a deployment system, then you can find them alongside the setup bundle on our offical download mirrors (see link above). IMPORTANT: Please note that you’ll have to manually install the required runtime dependencies when using the MSI packages!
Starting and Quitting SEB
When you start SEB, all currently running applications, the Windows Task Bar and the desktop are hidden. On the main screen SEB opens its web browser window filling the whole screen (optionally the browser window can be resized and moved or switched to fullscreen). SEB opens the webpage at the preset Start URL, which might take some seconds. As default, as long as you don’t set another Start URL (see Configuration), SEB for Windows opens this page with initial instructions.
SEB by default doesn’t allow the navigation buttons, but they may be enabled via the configuration. The optional reload button in the SEB taskbar, the browser toolbar (if activated) or the key F5 can be used to reload the current page.
Configuration of SEB
In the SEB configuration tool window, settings are grouped in several panes. There you can set the parameters described below.
Settings in the General Pane
Settings in the Config File Pane
You can also copy this file manually or with a deployment system to one of the following directories :
(valid for all users on a computer, writable only with administrator rights, has first priority)
(writable with user rights, second priority)
Please note: On a managed exam computer you probably should copy the default client settings file SebClientSettings.seb to the \ProgramData\SafeExamBrowser\ directory. If such a file exists in this location, this will be read by SEB with first priority and another file at the Local Application Data folder of the current user will be ignored. As the PROGRAMDATA directory usually is writable only with administrator rights, regular users cannot change the exam computer’s default settings, which is the desired case on a managed computer.
You should only use a client settings file SebClientSettings.seb in the \ProgramData\SafeExamBrowser\ directory on deployed exam client machines, not on your admin workstation, as SEB will ignore all local client settings which you configure in the Config Tool («Use Current Settings to Configure Client», «Revert Settings to Local Client Settings» and «Apply and Restart SEB» won’t work as expected, see also below)!
Config File Editing
Revert Settings to…
Use Current Settings to…
Settings in the User Interface Pane
Settings in the Browser Pane
Restriction in Exam Windows / Restriction in Additional Windows
Use SEB without browser window : If you intend to use another application for an exam and don’t need to display any web content on the exam client, you can switch off the SEB browser with this option.
Settings in the Down/Uploads Pane
Settings in the Exam Pane
Browser Exam Key / Config Key
The Browser Exam Key and the Config Key allow to verfify different aspects of an exam. They both depend on all configuration values defined for a file, i.e. they change whenever a configuration value changes. The keys can be used independently from each other, but both are sent with every HTTP request if activated. Copy a key to the according field in your quiz settings in the exam system having support for SEB 2.0 or later built in.
IMPORTANT: Always copy the key(s) as a last step, after the configuration file was saved!
Reconfiguring Secure/Exam Session
«Secure session» in this case is a session based on a SEB config file with a quit password set. If currently no quit password is set, this option does not apply. With a quit passwords set, SEB allows to reconfigure/restart, if the option Allow reconfiguring secure/exam session is set. If an URL pattern is set in field Reconfiguring URL (URL may contain the wildcard character *), then the download link will be checked against this URL pattern.
PLEASE NOTE: In order for this option to work at all, the option Download and open SEB Config Files on the Down/Uploads pane has to be activated!
Use the following parameter to control whether a browser session shall be persited on disk, e.g. to keep users logged in after a reconfiguration.
Link to quit SEB after exam
Back to Start Button
Query String Parameter
Allows to transfer paramters in the URL of a SEB configuration file or seb(s) link to the Start URL by adding ‘?’ or ‘??’ to the link. This feature e.g. allows to personalize the Start URL by adding some user id form another web applikation that is providing the SEB-Link.
Settings in the Applications Pane
You can allow third party applications to be used while SEB is running. Usually you would enable the SEB taskbar, then for each allowed application (with the setting «Icon in taskbar» enabled) an application icon will be displayed in the SEB taskbar. Clicking on the icon starts the application when it’s not yet running or brings its window(s) to the foreground. If a running application has several windows open, SEB displays a window chooser. You can switch between open windows with keys Alt-Tab as well.
SEB allows only applications to run which are configured in «Permitted Processes» (as long as the «Monitor processes» setting above is active). But SEB cannot prevent these applications from:
• Accessing the file system (local or network drives). So if you use an application which can open and save files and displays a file dialog, students can access local and network drives on the exam computer.
• Accessing the internet. SEB only has a URL filter for the built-in browser, other applications and the system are not blocked from accessing the internet. So any third party software with a built-in help browser or similar can be used to cheat during an exam.
Therefore using such applications requires additional measures, as for example a drive which is cleaned before every exam on a managed computer and a firewall (either hardware or firewall filter rules in a virtual desktop, see below). If you intend to use SEB with third party applications on unmanaged computers (BYOD, student owned machines), you should run the exam including those third party applications in a secured virtual machine, usually this would be a virtual desktop. This technical paper describes the virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) environment ETH Zurich (the top ranked university in continental Europe which is the driving force behind the development of SafeExamBrowser) is using for such exams. For other (less technical) papers on our exam environment, see our publications page. Our environment runs on managed computers and uses the VMware View Client software secured by SEB on the local machine and another instance of SEB running inside the virtual desktop, allowing to use the configured permitted third party applications in addition to an exam displayed by the SEB browser. In a bring-your-own-device scenario you would ideally use VDI with a technology like VMware Horizon View HTML Access. Then students just need to install/run SEB on their Windows or Mac laptops. SEB would be configured to only load and display the HTML Access portal page in a full screen browser window (ideally without displaying the SEB taskbar/dock). The entire exam takes place in the virtual desktop, which can be perfectly secured. You also don’t have to worry about distributing, configuring and licensing those third party applications you want to use in exams to students, as you just have to install and configure these applications once on the master image for the VDI exam pool. If an exam computer breaks down during the exam, no data is lost, as everything is running inside the virtual desktop on your server infrastructure. Usually such exams would have a browser-based part, where you place the questions and maybe template files, which students then can open in the permitted third party applications. After they finish working on those documents, they can save the results and upload them into the exam, using a file upload question type. Students can only interact with the empty file system inside the virtual desktop, they also cannot access the local file systems or connected USB sticks on their BYOD exam computers.
Setting options:
Besides the live process monitoring while running, when SEB is started, an alert/dialogue window is displayed to tell the user to quit the currently running applications (which are in the list of permitted and prohibited processes) and to restart SEB afterwards or to let SEB kill the applications risking that there could be data loss. Applications which have the Force quit parameter set are automatically terminated (without asking the user).
Permitted Processes Section
Selected Process details:
Prohibited Processes Section
List of processes which are prohibited to run during an exam. With the prohibited processes list, you can prevent some specific applications and background processes from running together with SEB. Don’t use this on system processes or only with care (test if the system continues to run safely when the prohibited processes are killed by SEB). SEB will always ask the user first to quit the applications in the prohibited processes list manually when starting up or before starting an exam using an SEB link (if exam settings contain different prohibited processes than SEB client settings and SEB was started directly, not by opening a SEB link from another browser).
Since SEB 2.1.7, some default processes are blocked by SEB automatically, as they could be used for cheating and should not be running during exams. These default prohibited processes are added automatically to any SEB settings both when editing these settings in the SEB Config Tool and when starting the SEB client. They cannot be removed from the prohibited processes list (if you try, the SEB client will automatically add them again). But you can deactivate SEB checking for them by unchecking the «Active» checkbox for that prohibited process in your SEB settings. So if you change parameters like «Active» for such processes, SEB will use your preference.
For processes for which it doesn’t matter if they are terminated by SEB (like applications implementing proper autosave or if they don’t contain any user inputed data which might be lost if they are terminated), you can set the parameter «Force quit». Then SEB doesn’t ask the user to quit the process, but just terminates it silently.
It might be an inconvenience having to quit running applications before starting an exam, but this is the only possible way for SEB to prevent that some specific applications could be used for cheating. The safest exam environment would be if students would quit ALL applications before the exam.
Selected Process details:
Additional Resources Pane (not present at the moment)
While most of the features of SEB 2 have been migrated to SEB 3, the «Additional Ressources» feature still was not migrated due to high priority of other new features (SEB server integration). It is planned, however, to provide this feature again with a later version 3.x of SEB.
Settings in the Network Pane
Filter Section
The table contains URL filter rules, consisting of an allow or block action. The URL filter always first processes rules with the block action, if one matches, then the according http request is discarded. If no block rule matched, then rules with an allow action are processed. If one matches, then the request is loaded. If no allow rule matched, then the request is discarded.
Discarding a http request means that a link with the URL is not followed and the user is notified with an alert. When content filtering is enabled, an embedded resource with the according URL is not loaded, in this case there’s no notification about that, but it is written to the log. Create a new rule by clicking the ‘+’ button below the table. Remove a rule by selecting it in the table and clicking the ‘-‘ button.
If you defined URL filter rules in SEB 2.1.x for Windows, then you’ll have to re-enter those in the current SEB Config Tool (SEB for Windows >= 2.2), following the new filter rule scheme. URL filter rules created and saved with SEB for macOS are already compatible with SEB >= 2.2 for Windows.
You should consider using a regular expression if performing complex filtering (when a simple filter doesn’t cover all possible cases how that complex URL could be formatted) or split the expression into several filter rules. The order of filter rules is not relevant.
Certificates Section
In SEB problems with SSL certificates can occur:
Proxies Section
In this pane you can configure proxy settings for the exam client computers which override the system’s proxy settings on the clients. You can currently specify a proxy server address and port manually for HTTP, HTTPS, FTP and SOCKS proxies (without authentication), use auto proxy discovery and automatic proxy configuration. You can also add host/domain addresses to the bypass/exception list.
Settings in the Security Pane
Kiosk mode : This setting reflects how the computer is locked down into SEB.
Allow SEB to run inside virtual machine : Indicates if SEB is allowed to run in a virtual machine (e.g. for exams in virtual desktop environments) or not (in order to prevent potential manipulation).
Allow screen capture / PrintScreen : Controls PrintScreen and macOS screen capture (invoked with cmd-3 and cmd-4), this setting corresponds with Enable PrintScreen in the Hooked Keys pane. If users have the DropBox client installed and activated to upload screen shots directly to their DropBox, then this will also be stopped when PrintScreen is disabled.
Allow remote session/screen sharing : Allows Windows remote sessions and macOS screen sharing to be used.
Use private clipboard (Mac) : When enabled, cut/copy/paste works only with content inside the SEB browser, the private clipboard doesn’t accept content from other applications or tools. This prevents utilities running in the background and cloud clipboard features to be used to copy-paste contents into or out of exams. Private clipboard should always be used besides when working with third party applications in a managed user account.
Maximum allowed number of connected displays: SEB tries to control the number of displays connected to the client computer in order to supply additional protection against cheating in exams.
Allow access to application log (Win) / Show log button in taskbar: This options displays the output to the log files in a console window in real time. This feature was added for testing and debugging purposes.
Of course, you can access the logfiles at any time and without SEB running in
Logfiles are created for every SEB Session, so they are prefixed with «xxx», which stands for a date-and-time signature.
Settings in the Registry Pane
Options in the Windows Security Screen invoked by Ctrl-Alt-Del:
These Windows Registry options define the values while SEB is running. SEB remembers the settings which were active on the exam client computer before running SEB and resets them to the original values when exiting regularly. In case SEB would crash or the user would enforce a reset of the machine while SEB was running, these options are reset to the original values:
There is also a command line tool which can be used to reset those values for the unlikely case that the SEB Windows Service didn’t work properly or was damaged and can’t be run anymore. This tool can be found in the Windows start menu or at the following directory path in your Program Files directory:
You need to execute this tool as administrator (right mouse button context menu » Run as administrator «). In case the original values for the Registry Settings aren’t found anymore, they will be reset to the Windows default values (all enabled). In this latter unlikely case you would also need to enter the short user name of the user in which account SEB was run, when the problem occurred. If you were running SEB in your administrator account, the short user name you have to enter usually isn’t «Admin» or similar. It is the user name of the account which has the administrator role. The short user name is the same as the name of the user’s home directory (if you go to C:\Users\ in a Windows Explorer window, you can see all user account names on this computer). If you have spaces in your short user name, enter it as it is, without quotes.
Settings in the Hooked Keys Pane
Operating System
SEB for Windows is running on 32-bit and 64-bit PCs with the following operating systems:
License
Safe Exam Browser for Windows: © 2010-2021 Damian BГјchel, Daniel R. Schneider, Dirk Bauer, ETH Zurich, Educational Development and Technology (LET), Pascal Wyss, Viktor Tomas, Stefan Schneider, Oliver Rahs, based on the original idea of Safe Exam Browser by Stefan Schneider, University of Giessen
Project concept: Dr. Thomas Piendl, Daniel R. Schneider, Dr. Dirk Bauer, Kai Reuter, Tobias Halbherr, Karsten Burger, Marco Lehre, Brigitte Schmucki, Oliver Rahs. French localization: Nicolas Dunand
Important parts of this project have been carried out as part of the program «AAA/SWITCH –
e-Infrastructure for e-Science» led by SWITCH, the Swiss National Research and Education Network and the cooperative project «Learning Infrastructure» (part of the CRUS program «Information scientifique: accГЁs, traitement et sauvegarde») coordinated by SWITCH, and was supported by funds from the ETH Board and the State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI).